1.   NETWORK SYSTEMS

Individuals within this cluster demonstrate an understanding of network systems, administration, security, file and disk management, topology, and internetworking design and implementation.

Essential skills:

Basic Network Design & Theory

Network Maintenance & Support

Internetworking Equipment

LAN/WAN

• Operations
• Protocols
• Topologies
• Administration
• Security
• Network Operating Systems (NOS)
• Disaster Recovery
• Troubleshooting & Diagnostics

Transmission Media

Cabling Methods & Standards

Baseband Technologies

Broadband Technologies

Basic Electronics

Hand Tools

Test Equipment

Sample Job Titles:

Network Specialist

Network Operations Analyst

Communications Analyst

Cable Installers

Local Area Network (LAN) Technician

Network Maintenance & Operations

Hardware Support/Maintenance

Network Administrator

Wide Area Network (WAN) Technician

Customer Service Coordinator

Hardware Installations Coordinator

Network Technician

Network Security Specialist

Service Technician

System Analyst

Network Engineer

Customer Support

Technical Writer

Security Specialist

2.   SERVICE & SUPPORT

Individuals within this cluster demonstrate an understanding of basic hardware and software support, excellent customer service skills, documentation skills, basic electronics and troubleshooting skills utilizing electronic test equipment and hand tools.

Essential Skills:

Hardware Maintenance & Support

Network Maintenance & Support

Internetworking Equipment

Software Installation

Software Support

Customer (Support) Service Skills

LAN/WAN & PC

á        Operations

á        Security

á        Network Operating Systems (NOS)

á        Troubleshooting & Diagnostics

á        Disaster Recovery

Documentation & Records

Technical Training Methods & Techniques

Basic Electronics

Baseband Technologies

Broadband Technologies

Hand and Repair Tools

Test Equipment

Sample Job Titles:

Application Trainer

Information Services Operator

Computer Operations Technician

Operations Scheduler

Customer Service Representative

Technical Support Engineer

Product Support Engineer

Call Center Support Representative

Help Desk Technician

Technical Support Consultant

PC Support Specialist

PC System Coordinator

PC Technician

Customer Service Coordinator

System Administrator

Customer Support

Technical Writer

Security Specialist

3.   GRAPHICS & MULTIMEDIA

Individuals within this cluster demonstrate an understanding of fundamental drawing techniques, animation, digital imaging through the use of graphic design tools; web design fundamentals, e-commerce, intellectual property and copyright law.

Essential Skills:

Fundamental Drawing Techniques

Authoring Languages/Applications

Web Design Fundamentals

á      Web Browsers

á      Web Servers

Interactive Digital Media

Application Design

Media Design

GUI/Interface

Animation

Digital Imaging

Audio/Visual Production

Instructional Application

Specialized Equipment

Media Distribution & Selection

Intellectual Property & Copyright Law

Digital Videography

Layout & Typography

Sample Job Titles:

Animator & Digital Effects Specialists

Imaging Specialist

Audio/Visual Specialist

Media Designer

Videography Specialist

Multimedia Specialist

Production Assistant

Interactive Digital Media Specialist

Virtual Reality Designer

Web Designer

Graphic Designer

Multimedia Programmer

Graphics Technician

Visual Design Consultant

Web Content Designer

Instructional Designer

Multimedia Technician

Quality Assurance Technician

Customer Support

Technical Writer

Security Specialist

4.   COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

(SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT)

Individuals within this cluster demonstrate an understanding of essential programming skills using contemporary programming languages; analysis, design, test and integration of software and e-commerce systems.

Essential Skills:

Programming Language(s)

Examples:

á      C, C++, C#, etc.

á      SQL Databases (Microsoft, Oracle, etc.)

á      Visual Basic, VBA, etc.

á      JAVA, PERL, etc.

á      HTML, VRML, XML, etc.

Application Development/Implementation

Internet/Intranet Integration

GUI Interface

Program Analysis

Software Design & Data Structures

Operating Systems Development &

Implementation

Computer System Architecture

Boolean Algebra & Computer No. Systems

Sample Job Titles:

Systems Analyst

Programmer Analyst

Operating Systems Specialist

Software Designer

Test Specialist

Database Software Technician

Entry/Senior Level Programmer

Database Analyst/Developer/Specialist

Database Administrator

Software Engineer

Cryptologist

Systems Integrator

Numerical Control Programmer

PLC Programmer

Technical Writer

Customer Support

Security Specialist

5.   COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Individuals within this cluster demonstrate an understanding of contemporary applications programs including: spreadsheets, databases, word processing, web design, desktop publishing and presentation; hardware and software installation, setup and upgrades.

Essential Skills:

Basic Operating Systems

Spreadsheets

Databases

Word Processing

Software Integration

Graphics/Presentation Software

Communication/Personal Mgmt. Software Web Design Fundamentals

á      Web Browsers

á      Web Servers

Task Specific Applications

á      CAD/CAM

á      Accounting

á      Project Management

Software Installation/Setup/Upgrade

Peripheral Devices

Basic Hardware Interface/Installation

Basic Troubleshooting

Sample Job Titles:

Software Application Support

Software Application Specialist

Computer Application Analyst

System Analyst

Data Analyst

Application Trainer

Application Support

Web Designer

CAD/CAM Engineer

CAD/CAM Analyst

CAD/CAM Specialist

Technical Writer

Customer Support

Security Specialist

6.   IT MANAGEMENT

Individuals within this cluster demonstrate a strong technical IT background, proficiency in management of all IT areas within an organization, workplace interpersonal communication skills, proficiency in oral, written and presentation communication skills, enforcement and compliance of company policy and security.

Essential Skills:

Supervisory Fundamentals

Interviewing/Performance Evaluation

Interpersonal Communications

Customer/Employee Relations

Security Systems

á      Personnel

á      Facilities & Equipment

á      Data & Access

Oral and Written Presentations

Budgeting & Planning

Project Engineering & Management

Total Quality Management (TQM)

Systems Analysis & Design

Industry Standards

System Administration

Network Operating Systems (NOS)

Internetworking Equipment

Testing & Integration (T&I)

Sample Job Titles:

Project Manager

Technical Sales Manager

Chief Information Officer (CIO)

Information Systems Manager

Service & Support Manager

IT Recruiter

Network Systems Manager

Software Design Manager

IT Manager

Telecommunications Manager

Quality Assurance & Control Manager

Quality Assurance Engineer Manager

Customer Service Manager

Technical Writer

Customer Support

Security Specialist

7. TELECOMMUNICATIONS

Individuals within this cluster demonstrate an understanding of telecommunications technology including: telephony, public switch telephone network (PSTN) and its operation and specifications, broadband and baseband, LAN/MAN/WAN technologies, wireless technologies, and emerging communications technologies.

Essential Skills:

Cabling Methods & Standards

Soldering Techniques

Hand Tools

Test Equipment

Basic Electronics

The Telephone

Rotary vs. Touch Tone Telephone Specs.

Wireless Telephony

PDAs

Television & Radio

Public Switch Telephone Network (PSTN)

Private Branch Exchange (PBX)

System Configuration & Provisioning Standards Organizations

LAN/WAN

á      Operations

á      Protocols

á      Topologies

á      Security

Baseband Technologies

Broadband Technologies

Transmission Media

á      Fiber Optics

á      Coaxial

á      UTP/STP

á      Infrared (IR)

á      Microwave

Microwave & Antenna Technologies

Satellite Communications

Sample Job Titles:

Telephone Repair & Installation

Telecommunications Technician

Distance Learning (Education)

Specialist/Engineer

Cryptologist

Telecommunications Engineer

Cable Technician

Fiber Optic Engineer

Fiber Optic Technician

Microwave Technician

Technical Sales Representative

WAN Technician/Developer/Engineer

PBX Operator/Trainer

Cable Splicer/Repair/Technician

Telephone Installation & Repair

Wireless Engineer/Technician

System Installer

PBX Operator

PBX Trainer

Telecommunications Security Specialist

Digital Technician

Analog Technician

Voicemail Administrator

Video/Audio Technician

Installation & Repair (I&R) Specialist

Technical Writer

Customer Support

Security Specialist

Performance Standard 1.1:

The student will demonstrate the fundamental tasks required to administer a network.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Develop and analyze user and group policies.

á      Choose and implement the appropriate network solution (work groups vs. client server).

á      Combine differing network systems.

MEETS

STANDARD

1.1.1 Establish user and group accounts.

1.1.2 Examine the functionality, scalability, adaptability, and manageability of various networks.

1.1.3 Prepare communication with network peripherals.

1.1.4 Demonstrate proper documentation methods.

1.1.5 Troubleshoot and repair common network failures.

1.1.6 Demonstrate the configuration of various network protocols.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Identify internetworking equipment.

á      Describe user and group accounts.

á      Classify work groups vs. client server.

Performance Standard 1.2:

The student will demonstrate the use of network security policies and procedures.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Evaluate threats to network security.

á      Investigate emerging network security concepts.

á      Evaluate available network security strategies, i.e., DMZ, VPN, proxy server, remote access and encryption.

á      Develop, implement and enforce a network security policy.

MEETS

STANDARD

1.2.1 Ascertain possible security risks to a network.

1.2.2 Install and configure firewall services.

1.2.3 Installing and updating anti-virus software.

1.2.4 Prepare and implement user classes of service.

1.2.5 Explain proper password implementation.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Describe the purpose of a password.

á      Describe the purpose of a firewall.

á      Review viruses and anti-virus software.

á      Differentiate security classes of users.

Performance Standard 1.3:

The student will demonstrate proper file and disk management skills.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Critique the different levels of RAID (redundant array of inexpensive disks) systems.

á      Develop a backup and disaster recovery strategy.

á      Compare and contrast various serial and parallel interfaces, i.e., USB, Firewire, SCSI, IDE.

MEETS

STANDARD

1.3.1 Prepare, partition, and format hard drives.

1.3.2 Exercise proper file system hierarchy.

1.3.3 Explain the need and implementation of disk quotas.

1.3.4 Demonstrate software and hardware installation techniques.

1.3.5 Integrate file backup and disaster recovery.

1.3.6 Examine and diagnose common disk and file errors.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Explain the use of directories and subdirectories.

á      Save and retrieve a file using removable storage.

á      Explain the environmental sensitivity of storage media.

Performance Standard 1.4:

The student will construct, differentiate and diagnose network systems.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Construct networks using different topologies.

á      Develop and implement a plan to diagnose and monitor network performance and security.

á      Connect two or more LANÕs using appropriate WAN protocols.

MEETS

STANDARD

1.4.1 Explain networks using different topologies.

1.4.2 Maximize throughput usage in a network.

1.4.3 Investigate and diagnose network failures.

1.4.4 Demonstrate use of test equipment.

1.4.5 Demonstrate use of diagnostic tools.

1.4.6 Demonstrate proper use of hand tools.

1.4.7 Demonstrate proper cabling techniques.

1.4.8 Connect two or more hosts using appropriate LAN protocols.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Distinguish between a star, ring and mesh topology.

á      Characterize various network transmission media.

á      Distinguish between Ethernet and Token Ring.

á      Name the fundamental internetworking devices.

Performance Standard 2.1:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of hardware and software support.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Predict and anticipate the technical support needed.

á      Design a post-sales support plan.

á      Create a preventive maintenance schedule.

MEETS

STANDARD

2.1.1 Diagnose IT related hardware problems.

2.1.2 Diagnose IT related software problems.

2.1.3 Assess and provide technical support.

2.1.4 Apply troubleshooting and repair techniques.

2.1.5 Utilize conflict resolution techniques.

2.1.6 Produce and carry out a preventive maintenance schedule.

2.1.7 Implement a customized call-log reporting system.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Understand the importance of a customer service call-log.

á      Explain a rubric.

á      Demonstrate a basic knowledge of computer hardware and software terminology.

Performance Standard 2.2:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of quality customer service skills.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Design a telephone support rubric.

á      Design training and documentation.

á      Assess strengths and weaknesses of products.

MEETS

STANDARD

2.2.1 Develop and demonstrate interpersonal skills with customers and team members.

2.2.2 Document customer complaints.

2.2.3 Provide technical support needed for a specific task.

2.2.4 Provide training and documentation.

2.2.5 Demonstrate sensitivity in communicating with a diverse workforce.

2.2.6 Demonstrate the proper use of the English language.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Demonstrate basic telephone etiquette.

á      Identify customer service skills.

á      Understand the importance of the proper use of English.

á      Recognize diversity within the workplace.

á      Recognize different skill levels among customers.

Performance Standard 2.3:

The student will demonstrate proficiency with documentation skills.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Design and evaluate standardized reporting forms.

á      Design a customized call-log reporting system.

á      Create a rubric based upon historical documentation.

á      Create a preventive maintenance schedule.

á      Create a hardware and software/license inventory schedule.

á      Facilitate proper documentation procedures.

MEETS

STANDARD

2.3.1 Maintain a preventive maintenance schedule.

2.3.2 Document a customer service event using standardized forms.

2.3.3 Diagnose problems and their solutions based upon historical documentation.

2.3.4 Apply oral and written communication skills as they relate to documentation.

2.3.5 Maintain a hardware and software/license inventory schedule.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Understand the importance of a preventive maintenance schedule.

á      Understand the importance of maintaining a hardware and software/license inventory schedule.

á      Understand the importance of proper documentation.

Performance Standard 2.4:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of basic electronics, troubleshooting skills and the proper use of repair tools.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Repair or replace defective components in a computer system.

á      Expand, upgrade or repair computer peripheral devices.

á      Differentiate between the concepts of power, voltage, current and resistance.

MEETS

STANDARD

2.4.1 Demonstrate the use of common diagnostic equipment, installation and repair tools.

2.4.2 Demonstrate proficiency in analog and digital circuit theory.

2.4.3 Differentiate between hardware and/or software problems.

2.4.4 Demonstrate the proper use of common electronic test equipment.

2.4.5 Diagnose common electronic problems.

2.4.6 Demonstrate proper safety procedures.

2.4.7 Demonstrate precautionary measures necessary to prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Understands the effects of power variations, i.e., brownouts, blackouts, spikes and surges.

á      Describe common electronic repair tools.

á      Review OhmÕs and KirchoffÕs Laws.

á      Understand the inherent dangers of electrical shock.

á      Understand the basics of proper safety procedures.

Performance Standard 3.1:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of fundamental drawing techniques.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Create original visual presentations of design concepts through thumbnails, storyboards and sketches.

á      Design schematic diagrams and drawings.

á      Critique the proper use of composition such as color, perspective, depth of field, and other artistic attributes.

MEETS

STANDARD

3.1.1 Demonstrate basic technical drawing and graphic art skills, both traditional and computer-based.

3.1.2 Interpret schematic diagrams and drawings.

3.1.3 Employ the proper use of composition such as color, perspective, depth of field, and other artistic attributes.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Describe artistic attributes with regard to fundamental drawing techniques.

á      Reproduce basic technical drawings.

á      Describe the various tools used to render a fundamental drawing.

Performance Standard 3.2:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of audio.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Determine and create the best balance between file size and sound quality.

á      Create multi-track audio documents.

á      Apply advanced sound manipulation and mixing techniques.

MEETS

STANDARD

3.2.1 Describe the technical issues with digital sound.

3.2.2 Record, capture, save, and compress sound files.

3.2.3 Prepare sound files for delivery to all types of media.

3.2.4 Shape, shorten, lengthen and otherwise edit sounds.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Explain the difference between analog and digital sound.

á      List the issues that affect the quality of digital sound.

Performance Standard 3.3:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of video.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Demonstrate creative film and screen play editing skills.

á      Apply advanced shooting and editing skills.

á      Assemble shots, both narratively and non-narratively, with advanced skill.

á      Apply advanced planning, shooting, video editing skills.

MEETS

STANDARD

3.3.1  Demonstrate how to capture (translate) media to digital format.

3.3.2  Operate a video camera to shoot basic sequences using proper film grammar.

3.3.3  Operate video editing equipment to make simple splices, i.e., assemble shots.

3.3.4  Design, organize, storyboard, script, light, produce, direct and edit a short story.

3.3.5  Manipulate and edit digital editing sequences using non-linear editing computer software.

3.3.6    Apply special effects, title sequences, and creative scene transitions.

3.3.7    Translate (export) digital video to tape and other media.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Explain basic montage theory.

á      Perform safely in video/studio/lab environments.

á      Operate a video camera, computer hardware and software.

Performance Standard 3.4:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of computer animation.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Incorporate animation within a video, web site, or multimedia production.

á      Apply advanced understanding of computer-generated animation software and techniques.

MEETS

STANDARD

3.4.1  Utilize appropriate sources of art, sound and animation.

3.4.2  Manipulate 2D or 3D animations.

3.4.3  Produce a basic wireframe model.

3.4.4  Apply knowledge of lighting and camera angle.

3.4.5  Create textures and background graphics.

3.4.6 Capture, edit, and use sound within an animation.

3.4.7 Demonstrate a basic understanding of the computer-generated animation process.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Create a basic animation using still drawings.

á      Define the components of animation.

á      Compare and contrast vector vs. bitmapped graphics and animations.

Performance Standard 3.5:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of typography.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Create a number of special type effects.

á      Design a layout using only type as the medium.

á      Craft type using a page layout program, including control over kerning and tracking, tabs and indents, leading.

á      Choose appropriate typefaces for a particular background and match a particular type personality to a message.

MEETS

STANDARD

3.5.1    Organize and load fonts.

3.5.2    Establish a hierarchy of information through type treatments.

3.5.3 Apply character and paragraph formatting to type using any major software package.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Identify basic type anatomy terms.

á      List type specification and measurement terms.

Performance Standard 3.6:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of computer digital imaging.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Perform professional level scans of black and white and color images using flatbed and film scanners.

á      Apply advanced software manipulation techniques to photos and other graphics.

á      Generate original image reflecting professional quality standards.

á      Use paint tools to create custom backgrounds, textures, and other artistic 2D designs.

MEETS

STANDARD

3.6.1    Operate digital devices to capture still images.

3.6.2    Perform basic and intermediate density and color adjustments.

3.6.3    Demonstrate an understanding of layers, channels, and modes.

3.6.4    Demonstrate a basic proficiency using image manipulation software, including retouching, coloring, and montage techniques.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Explain digital capture technology.

á      Describe image resolution and how it affects image quality.

á      Access and manipulate CD-ROM images.

á      Explain the advantages and disadvantages of different image file formats.

Performance Standard 3.7:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of web design and development.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Demonstrate good graphic and layout design of web pages.

á      Enhance web pages with interactive features.

á      Create web pages with functional design and usability.

á      Manage the content of web pages for efficient updating.

MEETS

STANDARD

3.7.1    Explain the workings of the Internet and the web.

3.7.2    Demonstrate the fundamentals of graphics preparation for the web.

3.7.3    Set up web pages using basic Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).

3.7.4    Use common web-designing tools to create basic web pages and web content.

3.7.5    Organize and upload files to a web server.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Navigate and search the web to gather information.

á      Communicate and transfer files using e-mail.

á      Describe software and hardware requirements necessary for web browsing.

Performance Standard 3.8:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of the fundamentals of e-commerce.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Develop a shopping cart application.

á      Evaluate customer needs and recommend solutions.

á      Create password protection for a web site.

á      Explain security issues and technologies.

MEETS

STANDARD

3.8.1    Demonstrate an understanding of web stores.

3.8.2    Produce web-based forms for business transactions.

3.8.3    Examine issues and solutions for web-based security.

3.8.4    Configure banner advertising and direct e-mail campaigns.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Navigate and search the web to make purchases.

á      Discuss advantages and disadvantages of e-commerce.

á      Find examples of good e-commerce web sites.

Performance Standard 3.9:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of intellectual property and copyright law.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Assess copyright implications of borrowed media.

á      Interpret legal rights, responsibilities and copyright law.

MEETS

STANDARD

3.9.1 Demonstrate knowledge of legal rights and responsibilities.

3.9.2 Document references and proprietary information.

3.9.3 Investigate various sources of intellectual property.

3.9.4 Demonstrate ethical behavior when designing multimedia applications.

3.9.5 Explain key principles in the Electronic UsersÕ Bill of Rights, i.e., safety, security and privacy.

3.9.6 Identify copyright and patent laws for multiple media, i.e., video, text, sound, pictures and intellectual property.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Understand the importance of legal rights, responsibilities and copyright law.

á      Identify sources of intellectual property.

á      Read and review articles pertaining to copyright law.

Performance Standard 4.1:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of essential programming skills.

EXCEEDS

STANDARDS

á      Design an objective for a computer program.

á      Compare and contrast various computer languages.

á      Construct a flowchart corresponding to a given task.

á      Explain various low- and high-level programming techniques, e.g., object oriented programming, linear programming, assembly, machine and microcode.

MEETS

STANDARD

4.1.1 Demonstrate proficiency with computer number systems and Boolean algebra.

4.1.2 Demonstrate an understanding of basic computer architecture.

4.1.3 Understand flowchart fundamentals and corresponding logic flow.

4.1.4 Execute programs and subroutines.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Understand the function of a program

á      Describe the purpose of a flowchart.

á      Identify flowchart symbols.

á      Distinguish between binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal number systems.

Performance Standard 4.2:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of the design and analysis of software.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á       Critique and evaluate the objective(s) of a computer program.

á       Write a design plan based upon the analysis to meet specified objectives.

á       Write a program in accordance with a given flowchart.

MEETS

STANDARD

4.2.1 Investigate and determine user needs.

4.2.2 Determine the objective(s) of a program.

4.2.3 Construct a flowchart corresponding to a given program.

4.2.4 Determine hardware requirements and tradeoffs.

4.2.5 Determine language requirements and tradeoffs.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Understand the need for program design and analysis.

á      Understand the basics of user needs.

á      Understand the functions of a program beyond user needs, e.g., measurement, control and testing.

á      Explain the need for a flowchart.

Performance Standard 4.3:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of software coding.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Compare and contrast various assembler and compiler methods.

á      Rewrite a program in another language.

á      Compare and contrast low- and high-level languages.

á      Write reusable code, e.g., subroutines, dynamic link library (DLL), ActiveX controls, etc.

MEETS

STANDARD

4.3.1 Demonstrate proper use of syntax rules corresponding to a given language.

4.3.2 Write code to represent a given flowchart.

4.3.3 Document programs through the use of comments or remark statements.

4.3.4 Understand universal programming concepts, e.g., constants, variables, data types, data structures, logic controls and error handling.

4.3.5 Understand reusable code structures, e.g., object oriented programming, component object model, standards and functions.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Identify various programming languages and their purposes.

á      Understand the need for comments and remarks in programs.

á      Describe universal programming concepts.

á      Review and interpret existing code.

á      Recognize reusable code structures.

Performance Standard 4.4:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of software testing and integration.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Design and implement a systematic testing procedure to identify and resolve coding errors and error handling issues.

á      Create end-user manuals and help files for a given program.

á      Create a testing procedure to validate interoperability of various software components.

á      Recommend the appropriate use of breakpoints in testing and integration of software.

MEETS

STANDARD

4.4.1 Diagnose problems within the executable code.

4.4.2 Debug software routines using troubleshooting techniques such as insertion of breakpoints, watch points, single stepping and messages.

4.4.3 Confirm the proper execution of a finished program.

4.4.4 Understand the role of systematic testing to identify logic and/or user errors.

4.4.5 Explain the importance of end-user documentation for a given program.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Understand the purpose of testing software.

á      Identify the types of problems that can exist with programs.

á      Identify the significance of a systematic testing approach.

á      Describe the importance of end-user documentation.

á      Describe the various techniques used to debug and test a software program.

Performance Standard 5.1:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of office software application products.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Obtain industry certification in a software application product.

á      Utilize advanced software application features.

á      Create software application templates.

á      Explain and demonstrate software application integration and automation.

á      Design and create a database incorporating relationships.

á      Create a presentation incorporating various software application products.

MEETS

STANDARD

5.1.1 Create a spreadsheet using basic editing, formatting, formulas and functions.

5.1.2 Process, format, edit and enhance a document(s) using a word processing application.

5.1.3 Create and utilize a basic database to input and extract data.

5.1.4 Apply design and layout principles to create a document(s) using desktop publishing software.

5.1.5 Employ presentation software, integrating text, graphics, and other media.

5.1.6 Demonstrate input of data from various sources, e.g.,Web, scanner, digital camera, etc.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Understand the differences between various software application products.

á      Examine various features offered in software application products.

á      Identify the appropriate software application needed for a specific task.

á      Relate software application products to the various needs within the workplace.

á      Understand software application terminology.

Performance Standard 5.2:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of software installation, setup and upgrades.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Download and install service packs and upgrades.

á      Automate installation and upgrades throughout a network.

MEETS

STANDARD

5.2.1    Demonstrate proficiency in installing and uninstalling application programs.

5.2.2    Customize and set up application programs as necessary.

5.2.3    Complete software upgrades as instructed.

5.2.4    Identify the software version and manufacturer.

5.2.5    Complete the registration procedures associated with installing software.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Understand how software is loaded into computer memory.

á      Identify resources to obtain assistance to install or upgrade software.

á      Describe the purpose of software versions and upgrades.

á      Explain how to uninstall a program.

á      Understand the importance of registering software.

Performance Standard 6.1:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of the management of IT organizational issues.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Prepare a mission statement for the organization.

á      Create and/or revise organizational issues.

á      Prepare an organizational chart.

á      Validate departmental documentation.

á      Evaluate the performance of personnel.

MEETS

STANDARD

6.1.1 Document IT resources.

6.1.2 Layout IT scheduling and project management issues.

6.1.3 Manage IT personnel.

6.1.4 Produce IT departmental documentation.

6.1.5 Prioritize IT organizational issues.

6.1.6 Exercise effective management principles.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Understand basic management principles.

á      Recognize organizationÕs mission statement and management hierarchy.

á      Understand the importance of prioritizing IT organizational issues.

Performance Standard 6.2:

The student will demonstrate proficiency in communication skills.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Evaluate and critique oral and written communication skills.

á      Evaluate and critique presentations.

MEETS

STANDARD

6.2.1 Demonstrate proficient oral communication skills.

6.2.2 Apply proper writing techniques in the workplace.

6.2.3 Produce effective presentations.

6.2.4 Employ appropriate interpersonal skills.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Identify effective oral and written communication skills.

á      Identify the need for effective presentations.

á      Describe effective interpersonal skills.

Performance Standard 6.3:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of the enforcement and compliance of company IT policies and procedures.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Develop IT related policies and procedures.

á      Measure and assess enforcement of existing IT policies and procedures.

á      Measure and assess compliance with existing IT policies and procedures.

á      Make recommendations to enhance company IT policies and procedures.

MEETS

STANDARD

6.3.1 Examine a company's existing IT policies and procedures.

6.3.2 Examine company enforcement of existing IT policies and procedures.

6.3.3 Examine company compliance with existing IT policies and procedures.

6.3.4 Compare and contrast the enforcement vs. compliance of a company's IT policies and procedures.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Identify the purpose of a company's IT policies and procedures.

á      Summarize a company's IT policies and procedures.

á      Differentiate between enforcement and compliance of IT policies and procedures.

Performance Standard 7.1:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of telephony and PSTN, including its operation and specifications.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á    Test and verify electrical and signaling specifications of the telephone lines and trunk circuits.

á    Explain the differences between analog and digital telephone lines.

á    Program, configure and maintain a PBX system.

á    Compare and contrast touch-tone signaling vs. rotary dial signaling.

á    Explain differing data compression algorithms and modulation techniques.

MEETS

STANDARD

7.1.1 Distinguish between rotary-dial and touch-tone (DTMF) systems and specifications.

7.1.2 Examine analog and digital signaling characteristics for PBX systems and the PSTN, using proper test equipment.

7.1.3 Demonstrate an understanding of the control functions applied to end-user equipment, including voice mail systems and handsets.

7.1.4 Distinguish between telephone trunk circuits and subscriber loops.

7.1.5 Characterize the standard voice-grade telephone lines in terms of bandwidth.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á    Define the acronyms DTMF, PBX and PSTN.

á    Describe the difference between an analog and digital signal.

á    Explain the advantages of touch-tone dialing over rotary dialing.

á    Explain what is meant by bandwidth.

á    Give examples of telephony equipment.

Performance Standard 7.2:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of broadband and baseband LAN/MAN/WAN systems.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Design a LAN and WAN system.

á      Construct a LAN or WAN system.

á      Evaluate the impacts of noise, propagation delay, bandwidth and attenuation on network performance.

MEETS

STANDARD

7.2.1 Differentiate among current baseband and broadband specifications and technologies as defined by standards organizations.

7.2.2 Practice proper cabling techniques, using appropriate hand tools and test equipment.

7.2.3 Demonstrate an understanding of interactive multi-band telecommunications systems.

7.2.4 Configure various internetworking devices.

7.2.5 Distinguish between various broadband and baseband signaling protocols.

7.2.6 Compare and contrast between various transmission media.

7.2.7 Characterize the OSI model in terms of internetworking equipment and protocols.

7.2.8 Characterize differing network topologies.

7.2.9 Demonstrate an understanding of network addressing.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Name the seven layers of the OSI model.

á      Describe the various types of connectors, hand tools, test equipment and transmission media commonly used with networks.

á      Explain what is meant by network topology.

á      List various internetworking devices.

Performance Standard 7.3:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of wireless technologies.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Compare the advantages and disadvantages of frequency hopping vs. direct sequencing.

á      Explain the advantages and disadvantages of various antennae.

á      Incorporate various security measures in wireless devices.

á      Explain the significance of the ISM band in relation to wireless network systems and cellular telephony.

á      Distinguish among the various radiation patterns and modes.

MEETS

STANDARD

7.3.1 Differentiate among current wireless transmission specifications as defined by standards organizations.

7.3.2 Distinguish among various modulation techniques used in the wireless industry.

7.3.3 Compare and contrast the various frequency bands within the electromagnetic frequency spectrum.

7.3.4 Identify the differences among antenna characteristics and related hardware.

7.3.5 Configure various wireless devices, e.g., access points, NICs and bridges.

7.3.6 Demonstrate the proper use of wireless test equipment.

7.3.7 Examine the impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI) on wireless systems.

7.3.8 Distinguish between analog and PCS technology.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      State the various wireless devices.

á      Identify wireless test equipment.

á      Recognize the importance of power, frequency and transmission media in terms of distance and reception.

á      Cite differences between radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR) technologies.

Performance Standard 8.1:

Students shall demonstrate problem-solving skills.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Revise a program, network, design, or action plan based on information gained through research of alternative solutions.

á      Develop methods to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of alternative solutions.

á      Evaluate the benefits of solving a program, network, design, or action plan problem.

MEETS

STANDARD

8.1.1    Solve a work-related problem using the appropriate steps in a problem-solving process.

8.1.2    Demonstrate brainstorming techniques.

8.1.3    Examine and explain the advantages and disadvantages of alternative solutions to one or more problems.

8.1.4    Create an action plan based upon a solution to a work-related problem.

8.1.5    Identify the benefits of solving a work-related problem.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Identify a problem-solving process to be used in varied information technology contexts (such as troubleshooting).

á      Identify the basic steps of the problem-solving process.

á      Identify alternative solutions to a problem.

á      Identify basic components of an action plan.

Performance Standard 8.2:

Students shall demonstrate critical-thinking skills.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Demonstrate the skills necessary to identify, analyze, and solve program, network, design, or action plan problems.

á      Formulate, implement, and evaluate an information technology action plan.

á      Analyze how critical-thinking skills affect work performance.

MEETS

STANDARD

8.2.1      Identify and explain the essential elements of the critical-thinking process.

8.2.2      Demonstrate critical-thinking skills necessary in the workplace.

8.2.3      Explain how emotional thinking and logical thinking affect decision making in the workplace.

8.2.4      Explain the difference between reliable and unreliable observations and statements of facts.

8.2.5      Recognize patterns or relationships through observation and discovery.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      State the importance of critical thinking in identifying, analyzing, and solving program, network, design, or action plan problems.

á      Identify the difference between opinion and fact.

á      Define emotional and logical thinking.

á      Identify steps of critical thinking.

Performance Standard 8.3:

Students shall demonstrate the ability to speak, write and listen effectively.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Describe and use techniques to improve visual, electronic, and verbal communication.

á      Identify, research, prepare, and deliver an information technology related presentation.

á      Prepare and defend a program, network, design, or action plan.

á      Prepare technical documents and written reports.

á      Interpret and respond to complex verbal and nonverbal messages.

á      Demonstrate exemplary customer service skills.

á      Determine and demonstrate knowledge of audienceÕs level of comprehension.

MEETS

STANDARD

8.3.1    Explain the benefits of effective communication skills in the workplace.

8.3.2    Effectively interpret and respond to verbal and nonverbal messages.

8.3.3    Demonstrate proper telephone etiquette.

8.3.4    Effectively communicate thoughts, ideas and information in writing.

8.3.5    Organize ideas and communicate orally; is able to effectively demonstrate job skills to others.

8.3.6    Locate, understand and interpret information in documents such as manuals, graphs and schedules.

8.3.7    Select and utilize an appropriate medium for conveying messages with dignity and respect.

8.3.8    Organize information into the appropriate format in accordance with standard practices, which includes prewriting, drafting, proofreading, editing/revising, and preparing final copy.

8.3.9    Demonstrate sensitivity to cultural diversity in communication.

8.3.10 Identify common communication barriers and methods for improving communication.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Explain the benefits of effective communication in the workplace.

á      Communicate thoughts, ideas, and information in writing reports, documents, and electronic messages.

á      Communicate thoughts, ideas, and information verbally using appropriate information technology terminology.

á      Listen attentively.

á      Identify an appropriate medium for conveying messages.

Performance Standard 8.4:

Students shall demonstrate the ability to select, apply and maintain appropriate technology.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Diagnose and make necessary corrections or improvements within an information technology environment.

á      Critique the use, benefits, and cost of an information technology system.

á      Analyze the impact of technological changes on one or more aspects of information technology by researching current literature.

MEETS

STANDARD

8.4.1    Demonstrate ability to utilize basic keyboarding techniques.

8.4.2    Demonstrate ability to utilize other input devices.

8.4.3    Demonstrate the ability to utilize various electronic research methods.

8.4.4    Demonstrate knowledge of the basic technology systems currently available and how they apply to your field (i.e., word processing, spreadsheets, multimedia applications and database).

8.4.5    Investigate and explain the use, benefits, and costs of technology developments in the workplace and school.

8.4.6    Identify and demonstrate the appropriate use of technology to enhance the efficiency of the workplace and school.

8.4.7    Demonstrate routine maintenance and repair of technological equipment.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Recognize and describe the basic technology systems currently available.

á      Describe the technical systems related to career interest areas.

á      Recognize the impact of essential technological changes within the information technology industry as reported in current literature.

Performance Standard 8.5:

Students shall demonstrate leadership and teamwork skills.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Analyze the stages of group development.

á      Wear professional attire.

á      Demonstrate leadership ability within a group or a team.

á      Compromise and/or build consensus within a group and summarize the decision of the group while maintaining respect for diverse viewpoints.

MEETS

STANDARD

8.5.1    Work cooperatively with others when given a group project.

8.5.2    Explain traits necessary to effectively lead and influence individuals and groups.

8.5.3    Demonstrate appropriate attitudes and behaviors for effective leadership.

8.5.4    Demonstrate respect for team members, team processes and team goals.

8.5.5    Participate in the implementation of a groupÕs decision and evaluates the results.

8.5.6    Demonstrate the qualities of an effective leader and team member.

8.5.7    Describe the importance of a companyÕs dress codes.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Identify essential leadership qualities.

á      Identify team member roles and responsibilities.

á      Recognize the interpersonal skills necessary to build teamwork.

á      Recognize and consider diverse viewpoints.

á      Identify team processes and team goals.

á      Understand appropriate dress.

Performance Standard 8.6:

Students shall demonstrate sound work ethics.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Assume responsibility for decisions and actions.

á      Demonstrate time-management skills and cost-effective practices.

MEETS

STANDARD

8.6.1    Develop personal work ethics through work experience.

8.6.2    Describe the importance of ethics in the workplace.

8.6.3    Demonstrate regular attendance, promptness, and the willingness to follow instructions and complete an assigned task.

8.6.4    Demonstrate appropriate personal and professional attitudes and behaviors.

8.6.5    Maintain a safe, clean, and organized work area.

8.6.6    Demonstrate awareness of legal responsibilities related to individual performance, safety and customer satisfaction.

8.6.7    Demonstrate knowledge of various types of harassment.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Identify appropriate responses to unethical actions.

á      Identify established rules, regulations and attendance policies.

á      Comply with all safety and health rules and procedures.

á      Identify hazardous substances in the workplace.

á      Properly use and maintain tools and equipment.

á      Understand and follow emergency procedures.

Performance Standard 8.7:

Students shall demonstrate the ability to effectively manage resources in high-performance workplaces.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Recognize the individual roles of team members, delegate tasks, and provide feedback on performance.

á      Acknowledge and utilize the skills, abilities, and input of all members of a team.

á      Develop an action plan to accomplish tasks within a given time frame.

á      Demonstrate knowledge of compensation practices and financial management, and explain how financial resources can be used effectively and efficiently.

MEETS

STANDARD

8.7.1    Identify and organize the human resources needed to complete a job assignment.

8.7.2    Identify and organize the material resources and space requirements needed to complete the job assignment.

8.7.3    Effectively use technology at its highest level to complete a job assignment.

8.7.4    Demonstrate cooperation and leadership in a team at school or in a workplace setting.

8.7.5    Use the basic components of effective time management.

8.7.6    Recognize the need for management skills in the workplace with regard to stress, anger management, and substance abuse.

8.7.7    Estimate costs and prepares a detailed work order.

8.7.8    Develop a time schedule and prioritize a task list to complete an assignment.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      List effective time management skills.

á      Use technology to complete assignments.

á      Utilize materials, tools, and processes to complete a task related to a career selection.

á      Read and follow instructions from manuals on the use and care of materials, tools, and equipment.

á      Maintain a clean, organized, and safe workstation.

á      Identify traits needed for cooperation and leadership in a team at school or in a workplace setting.

á      Identify the material resources and space requirements needed to complete an assignment.

Performance Standard 8.8:

Students shall demonstrate career planning and development skills.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Develop a community service or job-shadowing project.

á      Develop an education/training plan to fulfill long-term career goals.

á      Define advantages and disadvantages of self-employment or working for various sizes and types of businesses.

á      Critique results of a job interview.

á      Develop a proposal for an organized community-service project.

MEETS

STANDARD

8.8.1    Prepare a job application.

8.8.2    Prepare a personal resume.

8.8.3    Complete a personal aptitude and interest inventory.

8.8.4    Participate in a job interview.

8.8.5    Establish short-term career goals.

8.8.6    Establish long-term career goals.

8.8.7    Use the Nevada Career Information System (NCIS) or a similar computer-based program to research careers in a chosen field.

8.8.8    Participate in an organized job-shadowing activity.

8.8.9    Participate in a community service project.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Locate employment opportunities.

á      Identify job requirements for entry-level positions in the information technology industry.

á      Identify general conditions for employment.

á      Identify educational/training requirements for related information technology field.

á      Complete a personal aptitude and interest inventory.

á      Identify the elements of goals setting.

á      Identify information technology related careers.

á      Identify job interview skills.

á      Identify the components of a career portfolio.

Performance Standard 8.9:

Students shall demonstrate the understanding of job retention and lifelong learning skills.

EXCEEDS

STANDARD

á      Maintain an electronic portfolio.

á      Create a plan for lifelong learning.

á      Create a presentation illustrating interpersonal skills needed for job retention.

á      Adapt new knowledge and skills in changing situations.

á      Analyze how work life is affected by families and how families are affected by work life.

MEETS

STANDARD

8.9.1    Maintain an employment/career portfolio.

8.9.2    Identify strategies for balancing work and family roles.

8.9.3    Demonstrate understanding of the need for lifelong learning in a rapidly changing job market.

8.9.4    Identify strategies to maintain employment in the face of job reduction.

8.9.5    Develop long-term career-planning strategies.

8.9.6    Identify various educational options needed for job advancement.

8.9.7    Demonstrate interpersonal skills needed for job retention.

8.9.8    Identify and model sound workplace ethics, such as loyalty, punctuality and initiative.

APPROACHES

STANDARD

á      Recognize the importance of a portfolio.

á      Identify options for lifelong learning.

á      Identify interpersonal skills needed for job retention.

á      Identify jobs with opportunity for advancement.

á      Recognize the importance of career planning.

Performance Indicators

Academic Standards

1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3, 1.1.4

4.12.6, 6.12.5, 6.12.7, 7.12.1, 7.12.4, 7.12.5 (English)

4.12.6 Read and apply multi-step directions to perform complex procedures and tasks.

6.12.5 Edit for use of standard English.

6.12.7 Share final drafts with a designated audience.

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

1.2.1-1.2.5

4.12.6 (English)

4.12.6 Read and apply multi-step directions to perform complex procedures and tasks.

1.3.1, 1.3.5

3.12.3, 19.12.4 (Science)

3.12.3 Investigate and describe how waves can superimpose on one another, bend around corners, reflect off surfaces, be absorbed by materials they enter, and change direction when entering a new material.

19.12.4 Distinguish between hypotheses, laws, theories and rules, and explain the level of their limitations.

1.3.6, 1.4.3

19.12.1, 19.12.3 (Science)

19.12.1 Identify and determine the credibility of sources of information based on the techniques used to gather that information.

19.12.3 Recognize and describe situations in which a system is qualitatively different from the parts which comprise it (e.g., how a population differs from an individual).

1.4.1

7.12.1, 9.12.1 (Reading)

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

9.12.1 Use specific and varied vocabulary and apply standard English to communicate ideas.

1.4.3

10.12.2, 10.12.4 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

1.4.4, 1.4.5

19.12.1, 19.12.3, 23.12.5, 23.12.6, 24.12.3, 24.12.4, 24.12.5, 24.12.6 (Science)

19.12.1 Identify and determine the credibility of sources of information based on the techniques used to gather that information.

19.12.3 Recognize and describe situations in which a system is qualitatively different from the parts which comprise it (e.g., how a population differs from an individual).

23.12.5 Trace the source of differences between an estimate and the calculated answer that exceeds agreed-upon standards for precision.

23.12.6 Select samples by some random system to avoid bias.

24.12.3 Inspect, manipulate, and describe the functions of various parts of technical and scientific equipment.

24.12.4 Maintain a permanent record of procedures, data, analyses, decisions, and understandings of scientific investigations.

24.12.5 Write procedures for the investigation of delegated or original scientific problems.

24.12.6 Carry out an independent scientific investigation.

1.4.6

24.8.3, 24.12.3 (Science)

24.8.3 Choose appropriate common materials for making and repairing simple mechanical constructions.

24.12.3 Inspect, manipulate, and describe the functions of various parts of technical and scientific equipment.

Performance Indicators

Academic Standards

2.1.1

19.12.1, 19.12.3 (Science)

19.12.1 Identify and determine the credibility of sources of information based on the techniques used to gather that information.

19.12.3 Recognize and describe situations in which a system is qualitatively different from the parts which comprise it (e.g., how a population differs from an individual).

2.1.1, 2.1.2

10.12.2, 10.12.4 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

2.1.3, 2.1.4

10.12.2, 10.12.4 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

2.1.6, 2.1.7

7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5, 10.12.2, 10.12.4 (Reading)

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentences of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

7.12.3 Use rules of punctuation; manipulate conventions for emphasis in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

2.21

9.12.1, 9.12.3 (Reading)

9.12.1 Use specific and varied vocabulary and apply standard English to communicate ideas.

9.12.3 Organize and deliver planned, extemporaneous, and impromptu presentations that address a topic and engage the audience.

2.2.2-2.2.6, 2.3.1-2.3.5

6.12.2, 6.12.3, 6.12.4, 6.12.5, 7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5, 9.12.1, 9.12.2, 9.12.3, 9.12.4 (Reading)

6.12.2 Organize ideas in compositions by selecting and applying structures such as comparison/contrast or cause/effect, which enhance the central idea, theme, or purpose.

6.12.3 Write compositions that present complex ideas in a sustained and compelling manner.

6.12.4 Revise writing, using given criteria, such as rubrics or feedback from others, to improve word choice, organization, and point of view.

6.12.5 Edit for use of standard English.

7.12.1Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentences of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

7.12.3 Use rules of punctuation; manipulate conventions for emphasis in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

9.12.1 Use specific and varied vocabulary.

9.12.2 Make formal oral or multimedia presentations, using vocabulary and public speaking techniques appropriate to audience and purpose.

9.12.3 Organize and deliver planned, extemporaneous, and impromptu presentations that address a topic and engage the audience.

9.12.4 Read aloud or recite literary, dramatic, and original works.

2.4.1, 2.4.4

19.12.1, 19.12.3, 23.12.5, 23.12.6 (Science)

19.12.3 Recognize and describe situations in which a system is qualitatively different from the parts which comprise it (e.g., how a population differs from an individual).

23.12.5 Trace the source of differences between an estimate and the calculated answer that exceeds agreed-upon standards for precision.

23.12.6 Select samples by some random system to avoid bias.

2.4.2, 2.4.5

1.12.5, 3.12.3, 3.12.4, 3.12.5 (Science)

1.12.5 Investigate and explain that magnetic forces are related to electric forces and can be thought of as different aspects of a single electromagnetic force. (e.g., electric motors, generators, radios).

3.12.3 Investigate and describe how waves can superimpose on one another, bend around corners, reflect off surfaces, be absorbed by material they enter, and change direction when entering a new material.

3.12.4 Describe the properties of electrical circuits in terms of moving electrons, conductivity, resistance, and electrical potential energy.

3.12.5 Investigate and describe how matter and energy may be changed and energy can be transferred in many ways, but the entire mass-energy budget of the universe remains constant.

2.4.5

10.12.2, 10.12.4, 11.12.2, 11.12.5 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

11.12.2 Evaluate possible sources of information for credibility and usefulness.

11.12.5 Organize and present research findings using appropriate media.

2.4.6, 2.4.7

24.12.1 (Science)

24.12.1 Demonstrate personal responsibility for using safety equipment and observing all safety standards.

2.4.1

6.13, 6.14 (Math)

6.13 Use technology, including calculators, to solve problems and verify solutions.

6.14 Use technology, including calculators, to investigate, define, and describe quantitative relationships such as patterns and functions.

2.4.2

1.12.1, 1.12.2, 1.12.3, 1.12.5, 2.12.4, 2.12.5, 2.12.6, 2.12.7, 3.12.2, 3.12.3, 3.12.5, 4.12.7, 5.12.1 (Math)

1.12.1 Calculate and estimate sums, differences, products, quotients, powers, and roots using mental math, formulas, and algorithms.

1.12.2 Apply the laws of exponents to perform operations on expressions with integral exponents and expressions in scientific notation.

1.12.3 Apply the properties and theories of the real number system to everyday situations.

1.12.5 Perform simple operations on matrices.

2.12.4 Add, subtract, multiply, and factor (1^st and 2^nd degree) polynomials, describing each step in the process and the connection between the algebraic process and the arithmetic process; use simple quadratic equations with integer roots to solve practical and mathematical problems.

2.12.5 Model practical problems from everyday situations with a variety of models that includes matrices, translating among tabular, symbolic and graphical representations of functions, with and without technology.

2.12.6 Determine the domain and range of linear relations given a graph or a set of ordered pairs; explain their importance in problem solving situations.

2.12.7 Solve systems of two linear equations, both algebraically and graphically, use graphing calculators as a primary tool in solving these problems and to verify solutions found by other methods.

3.12.2 Select and use measurement tools, techniques, and formulas to calculate and compare rates, cost, distances, interest, temperatures, and weight/mass.

3.12.3 Distinguish and differentiate among the structures, language and uses of systems of measure (e.g., linear, square units, cubic units); justify and communicate the differences between accuracy, precision, error, and tolerance in measurement; describe how each of these can affect solutions found in problem situations.

3.12.5 Use relationships (e.g., proportions) and formulas (indirect measurement) to determine the measurement of unknown dimensions, angles, areas, and volumes to solve problems.

4.12.7 Apply the Pythagorean Theorem, its converse, properties of special right triangles, and right triangle trigonometry to solve practical problems.

5.12.1 Use calculators and computers to create and manipulate tables, graphs, and matrices to communicate statistical information; use the shape of graphs of normal distributions to compare and analyze information.

2.4.4, 2.4.5

3.12.2 (Math)

3.12.2 Select and use measurement tools, techniques, and formulas to calculate and compare rates, cost, distances, interest, temperatures, and weight/mass.

Performance Indicators

Academic Standards

3.1.1, 3.1.2

1.12.5, 2.12.3, 11.12.2 (Reading)

1.12.5 Apply knowledge of syntax and literary allusions to

acquire an understanding of new words and to comprehend text.

2.12.3 Plan, monitor, and assess the strategies used to ensure comprehension of a variety of texts.

11.12.2 Evaluate possible sources of information for credibility and usefulness.

3.2.1

7.12.1, 9.12.1, 9.12.2, 9.12.3 (Reading)

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

9.12.1 Use specific and varied vocabulary and apply standard English to communicate ideas.

9.12.2 Make formal oral or multimedia presentations, using vocabulary and public speaking techniques appropriate to audience and purpose.

9.12.3 Organize and deliver planned, extemporaneous, and impromptu presentations that address a topic and engage the audience.

3.12.3, 3.12.5 (Science)

3.12.3 Investigate and describe how waves can superimpose on one another, bend around corners, reflect off surfaces, be absorbed by materials they enter, and change direction when entering a new material.

3.12.5 Investigate and describe how matter and energy may be changed and energy can be transferred in many ways, but the entire mass-energy budget of the universe remains constant.

3.3.4

6.12.5, 7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5, 9.12.1, 9.12.2, 9.12.3, 9.12.4 (Reading)

6.12.5 Edit for use of standard English.

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentences of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

7.12.3 Use rules of punctuation; manipulate conventions for emphasis in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

9.12.1 Use specific and varied vocabulary.

9.12.2 Make formal oral or multimedia presentations, using vocabulary and public speaking techniques appropriate to audience and purpose.

9.12.3 Organize and deliver planned, extemporaneous, and impromptu presentations that address a topic and engage the audience.

9.12.4 Read aloud or recite literary, dramatic, and original works.

3.5.1

6.12.2, 6.12.3 (Reading)

6.12.2 Organize ideas in compositions by selecting and applying structures such as comparison/contrast or cause/effect, which enhance the central idea, theme, or purpose.

6.12.3 Write compositions that present complex ideas in a sustained and compelling manner.

3.5.3

6.12.2, 6.12.4, 6.12.5, 7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5 (Reading)

6.12.2 Organize ideas in compositions by selecting and applying structures such as comparison/contrast or cause/effect, which enhance the central idea, theme, or purpose.

6.12.4 Edit for use of standard English.

6.12.5 Edit for use of standard English.

6.12.7 Share final drafts with a designated audience.

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

3.7.1

9.12.1, 9.12.2 (Reading)

9.12.1 Use specific and varied vocabulary and apply standard English to communicate ideas.

9.12.2 Make formal oral or multimedia presentations, using vocabulary and public speaking techniques appropriate to audience and purpose.

3.8.3

10.12.2 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

3.9.1, 3.9.4, 3.9.5

7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5, 9.12.1, 9.12.2, 10.12.1 (Reading)

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentences of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

7.12.3 Use rules of punctuation; manipulate conventions for emphasis in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

9.12.1 Use specific and varied vocabulary.

9.12.2 Make formal oral or multimedia presentations, using vocabulary and public speaking techniques appropriate to audience and purpose.

10.12.1 Participate in problem-solving conversations or group discussions by identifying, synthesizing, and evaluating data.

3.9.2

11.8.4 (Reading)

11.8.4 Record information using a variety of note-taking and organizational strategies.

3.9.3, 3.9.6

10.12.2, 10.12.4, 11.12.2, 11.12.3, 11.12.5 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

11.12.2 Evaluate possible sources of information for credibility and usefulness.

11.12.3 Cite sources of information using a standard method of documentation.

11.12.5 Organize and present research findings using appropriate media.

3.1.1, 3.1.2

3.12.2 (Math)

3.12.2 Select and use measurement tools, techniques, and formulas to calculate and compare rates, cost, distances, interest, temperatures, and weight/mass.

Performance Indicators

Academic Standards

4.2.1, 4.2.2, 4.2.4, 4.2.5

10.12.2, 10.12.4, 11.12.2 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

11.12.2 Evaluate possible sources of information for credibility and usefulness.

4.3.1

2.12.3, 7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5 (Reading)

2.12.3 Plan, monitor, and assess the strategies used to ensure comprehension of a variety of texts.

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentences of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

7.12.3 Use rules of punctuation; manipulate conventions for emphasis in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

4.3.2, 4.3.3

7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5, 11.12.5 (Reading)

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentences of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

7.12.3 Use rules of punctuation; manipulate conventions for emphasis in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

11.12.5 Organize and present research findings using appropriate media.

4.3.4

19.12.4 (Science)

19.12.4 Distinguish between hypotheses, laws, theories and rules, and explain the level of their limitations.

4.4.1

10.12.2, 10.12.4, 11.12.5 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

11.12.5 Organize and present research findings using appropriate media.

4.4.1, 4.4.2, 4.4.4

24.12.5 (Science)

24.12.5 Write procedures for the investigation of delegated or original scientific problems.

4.4.2, 4.4.3, 4.4.5

9.12.1, 9.12.2, 9.12.3, 9.12.4 (Reading)

9.12.1 Use specific and varied vocabulary.

9.12.2 Make formal oral or multimedia presentations, using vocabulary and public speaking techniques appropriate to audience and purpose.

9.12.3 Organize and deliver planned, extemporaneous, and impromptu presentations that address a topic and engage the audience.

9.12.4 Read aloud or recite literary, dramatic, and original works.

4.4.1

1.12.1, 1.12.3, 2.12.3, 2.12.4, 2.12.5 (Math)

1.12.1 Calculate and estimate sums, differences, products, quotients, powers, and roots using mental math, formulas, and algorithms.

1.12.3 Apply the properties and theories of the real number system to everyday situations.

1.12.5 Perform simple operations on matrices.

2.12.3 Create and use different forms of a variety of equations, proportions, and/or formulas (e.g., 1=PRT or R=1/PT), solving for the needed variable as necessary in given situations.

2.12.4 Add, subtract, multiply, and factor (1^st and 2^nd degree) polynomials, describing each step in the process and the connection between the algebraic process and the arithmetic process; use simple quadratic equations with integer roots to solve practical and mathematical problems.

2.12.5 Model practical problems from everyday situations with a variety of models that includes matrices, translating among tabular, symbolic and graphical representations of functions, with and without technology.

Performance Indicators

Academic Standards

5.1.1-5.1.3

6.12.2, 6.12.3, 6.12.4, 6.12.5, 7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5 (Reading)

6.12.2 Organize ideas in compositions by selecting and applying structures such as comparison/contrast or cause/effect, which enhance the central idea, theme, or purpose.

6.12.3 Write compositions that present complex ideas in a sustained and compelling manner.

6.12.4 Revise writing, using given criteria, such as rubrics or feedback from others, to improve word choice, organization, and point of view.

6.12.5 Edit for use of standard English.

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentences of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

7.12.3 Use rules of punctuation; manipulate conventions for emphasis in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

5.2.1-5.2.3, 5.2.5

4.12.6 (Reading)

4.12.6 Read and apply multi-step directions to perform complex procedures and tasks.

5.2.4

10.12.2, 11.12.2 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

11.12.2 Evaluate possible sources of information for credibility and usefulness.

5.1.1

1.12.1, 1.12.2, 1.12.3, 1.12.5, 2.12.4, 2.12.5 (Math)

1.12.1 Calculate and estimate sums, differences, products, quotients, powers, and roots using mental math, formulas, and algorithms.

1.12.2 Apply the laws of exponents to perform operations on expressions with integral exponents and expressions in scientific notation.

1.12.3 Apply the properties and theories of the real number system to everyday situations.

1.12.5 Perform simple operations on matrices.

2.12.4 Add, subtract, multiply, and factor (1^st and 2^nd degree) polynomials, describing each step in the process and the connection between the algebraic process and the arithmetic process; use simple quadratic equations with integer roots to solve practical and mathematical problems.

2.12.5 Model practical problems from everyday situations with a variety of models that includes matrices, translating among tabular, symbolic and graphical representations of functions, with and without technology.

Performance Indicators

Academic Standards

6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.4

6.12.2, 6.12.3, 6.12.4, 6.12.5, 7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5 (Reading)

6.12.2 Organize ideas in compositions by selecting and applying structures such as comparison/contrast or cause/effect, which enhance the central idea, theme, or purpose.

6.12.3 Write compositions that present complex ideas in a sustained and compelling manner.

6.12.4 Revise writing, using given criteria, such as rubrics or feedback from others, to improve word choice, organization, and point of view.

6.12.5 Edit for use of standard English.

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentences of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

7.12.3 Use rules of punctuation; manipulate conventions for emphasis in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

6.1.5

10.12.2, 10.12.4, 11.12.5 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

11.12.5 Organize and present research findings using appropriate media.

6.2.1-6.2.4

6.12.2, 6.12.3, 6.12.4, 6.12.5, 7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5, 9.12.1, 9.12.2, 9.12.3 (Reading)

6.12.2 Organize ideas in compositions by selecting and applying structures such as comparison/contrast or cause/effect, which enhance the central idea, theme, or purpose.

6.12.3 Write compositions that present complex ideas in a sustained and compelling manner.

6.12.4 Revise writing, using given criteria, such as rubrics or feedback from others, to improve word choice, organization, and point of view.

6.12.5 Edit for use of standard English.

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentences of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

7.12.3 Use rules of punctuation; manipulate conventions for emphasis in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

9.12.1 Use specific and varied vocabulary.

9.12.2 Make formal oral or multimedia presentations, using vocabulary and public speaking techniques appropriate to audience and purpose.

9.12.3 Organize and deliver planned, extemporaneous, and impromptu presentations that address a topic and engage the audience.

6.3.1-6.3.4

10.12.2, 10.12.4, 11.12.2 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

11.12.2 Evaluate possible sources of information for credibility and usefulness.

Performance Indicators

Academic Standards

7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.1.5

10.12.2, 10.12.4, 11.12.2 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

11.12.2 Evaluate possible sources of information for credibility and usefulness.

7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.1.4, 7.1.5

1.12.5, 3.12.3, 3.12.4, 3.12.5 (Science)

1.12.5 Investigate and explain that magnetic forces are related to electric forces and can be thought of as different aspects of a single electromagnetic force. (e.g., electric motors, generators, radios).

3.12.3 Investigate and describe how waves can superimpose on one another, bend around corners, reflect off surfaces, be absorbed by material they enter, and change direction when entering a new material.

3.12.4 Describe the properties of electrical circuits in terms of moving electrons, conductivity, resistance, and electrical potential energy.

3.12.5 Investigate and describe how matter and energy may be changed and energy can be transferred in many ways, but the entire mass-energy budget of the universe remains constant.

7.2.2

23.12.4, 23.12.5, 23.12.6 (Science)

23.12.4 Use derived quantities, ratios, proportions, and constants.

23.12.5 Trace the source of differences between an estimate and the calculated answer that exceeds agreed-upon standards for precision.

23.12.6 Select samples by some random system to avoid bias.

7.2.1, 7.2.3, 7.2.5-7.2.9

2.12.3, 6.12.2, 6.12.3, 6.12.4, 6.12.5, 7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5, 9.12.1, 9.12.2, 9.12.3, 9.12.4, 10.12.4 (Reading)

2.12.3 Plan, monitor, and assess the strategies used to ensure comprehension of a variety of texts.

6.12.2 Organize ideas in compositions by selecting and applying structures such as comparison/contrast or cause/effect, which enhance the central idea, theme, or purpose.

6.12.3 Write compositions that present complex ideas in a sustained and compelling manner.

6.12.4 Revise writing, using given criteria, such as rubrics or feedback from others, to improve word choice, organization, and point of view.

6.12.5 Edit for use of standard English.

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentences of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

7.12.3 Use rules of punctuation; manipulate conventions for emphasis in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

9.12.1 Use specific and varied vocabulary.

9.12.2 Make formal oral or multimedia presentations, using vocabulary and public speaking techniques appropriate to audience and purpose.

9.12.3 Organize and deliver planned, extemporaneous, and impromptu presentations that address a topic and engage the audience.

9.12.4 Read aloud or recite literary, dramatic, and original works.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

7.3.1-7.3.4, 7.3.6, 7.3.8

2.12.3, 6.12.2, 6.12.3, 6.12.4, 6.12.5, 7.12.1, 7.12.2, 7.12.3, 7.12.4, 7.12.5, 9.12.1, 9.12.2, 9.12.3, 9.12.4, 10.12.4 (Reading)

2.12.3 Plan, monitor, and assess the strategies used to ensure comprehension of a variety of texts.

6.12.2 Organize ideas in compositions by selecting and applying structures such as comparison/contrast or cause/effect, which enhance the central idea, theme, or purpose.

6.12.3 Write compositions that present complex ideas in a sustained and compelling manner.

6.12.4 Revise writing, using given criteria, such as rubrics or feedback from others, to improve word choice, organization, and point of view.

6.12.5 Edit for use of standard English.

7.12.1 Apply the rules of usage, grammar, and capitalization with few significant errors; use modifiers, parallel structure, and subordination correctly in writing.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentences of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

7.12.3 Use rules of punctuation; manipulate conventions for emphasis in writing.

7.12.4 Use rules of capitalization.

7.12.5 Demonstrate conventional spelling.

9.12.1 Use specific and varied vocabulary.

9.12.2 Make formal oral or multimedia presentations, using vocabulary and public speaking techniques appropriate to audience and purpose.

9.12.3 Organize and deliver planned, extemporaneous, and impromptu presentations that address a topic and engage the audience.

9.12.4 Read aloud or recite literary, dramatic, and original works.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

7.3.1-7.3.3, 7.3.6, 7.3.8

1.12.5, 3.12.3, 3.12.5 (Science)

1.12.5 Investigate and explain that magnetic forces are related to electric forces and can be thought of as different aspects of a single electromagnetic force.

3.12.3 Investigate and describe how waves can superimpose on one another, bend around corners, reflect off surfaces, be absorbed by materials they enter, and change direction when entering a new material.

3.12.5 Investigate and describe how matter and energy may be changed and energy can be transferred in many ways, but the entire mass-energy budget of the universe remains constant.

7.3.4

1.12.5, 3.12.3, 3.12.4, 3.12.5, 5.12.4 (Science)

1.12.5 Investigate and explain that magnetic forces are related to electric forces and can be thought of as different aspects of a single electromagnetic force.

3.12.3 Investigate and describe how waves can superimpose on one another, bend around corners, reflect off surfaces, be absorbed by materials they enter, and change direction when entering a new material.

3.12.4 Describe the properties of electrical circuits in terms of moving electrons, conductivity, resistance, and electrical potential energy.

3.12.5 Investigate and describe how matter and energy may be changed and energy can be transferred in many ways, but the entire mass-energy budget of the universe remains constant.

5.12.4 Describe electromagnetic waves including a wide range of forms and varying wavelengths.

7.3.7

19.12.1, 19.12.3, 19.12.4 (Science)

19.12.1 Identify and determine the credibility of sources of information based on the techniques used to gather that information.

19.12.3 Recognize and describe situations in which a system is qualitatively different from the parts which comprise it (e.g., how a population differs from an individual).

19.12.4 Distinguish between hypotheses, laws, theories and rules, and explain the level of their limitations.

7.3.7

10.12.2, 10.12.4 (Reading)

10.12.2 Negotiate to arrive at consensus by proposing and examining possible options.

10.12.4 Justify a position using logic and refuting opposing viewpoints.

7.2.2

3.12.2 (Math)

Select and use measurement tools, techniques, and formulas to calculate and compare rates, cost, distances, interest, temperatures, and weight/mass.

8.1.2

4.12.6, 6.12.2 (English)

4.12.6 Read and apply multi-step directions in order to perform complex procedures and tasks.

6.12.2 Organize ideas in compositions by selecting and applying structures such as comparison/contrast or cause/effect, which enhance the central idea, theme, or purpose.

22.12.2, 22.12.5 (Science)

22.12.2 Use tables, charts and graphs in making arguments and claims in oral and written presentations.

24.12.5 Write procedures for the investigation of delegated or original scientific problems.

8.3.3, 8.3.5

5.12.2, 6.12.1, 6.12.3, 6.12.5, 6.12.7, 7.12.2, 9.12.2 (English)

5.12.2 Produce subject-specific technical writing, such as instructions for a shop project or field reports for science.

6.12.1 Generate ideas for writing by selecting appropriate prewriting strategies with attention to audience, purpose, and personal style.

6.12.3 Write compositions that present complex ideas in a sustained and compelling manner.

6.12.5 Edit for use of Standard English.

6.12.7 Share final drafts with a designated audience.

7.12.2 Use multiple structures such as inversion, parallelism, and sentence of varying lengths for stylistic effect.

9.12.2 Make formal oral or multimedia presentations, using vocabulary and public speaking techniques appropriate to audience and purpose.

8.4.5

18.12.5 (Science)

18.12.5 Explain that technological problems create a demand for new scientific knowledge and new technologies, which makes it possible for scientists to extend their research in new ways or to undertake entirely new lines of research.

8.5.1, 8.5.5, 8.5.7

22.12.3 (Science)

22.12.3 Discuss scientific topics by restating or summarizing accurately what others have said; ask for clarifications or elaborations, and express alternative positions using available multimedia resources.

8.6.5, 8.6.6

18.12.7, 22.12.3, 24.12.1 (Science)

18.12.7 Explain that scientists have ethical procedures, violations of which have consequences.

22.12.3 Discuss scientific topics by restating or summarizing accurately what others have said; ask for clarifications or elaborations, and express alternative positions using available multimedia resources.

24.12.1 Demonstrate personal responsibility for using safety equipment and observing all safety standards.

8.7.7, 8.7.9

23.12.2, 23.12.3 (Science)

23.12.2 Use algebraic equations when appropriate.

23.12.3 Estimate answers to the correct order of magnitude.

1.12.1 (Math)

1.12.1 Calculate and estimate sums, differences, products, quotients, powers, and roots using mental math, formulas, and algorithms.

8.8.11, 8.8.12

24.12.1 (Science)

24.12.1 Demonstrate personal responsibility for using safety equipment and observing all safety standards.

A+

PC certification awarded by CompTIA.

Analog

Any continuous and variable quantity as a function of time, e.g., sinusoidal wave, triangle wave, dc voltage.

Application

End user software program, e.g., word processing.

Baseband

An encoded signal transmitted directly onto the channel without modulation, e.g., Ethernet.

Basic Operating Systems

Software program which manages the basic operations of a computer system.

Boolean Algebra

A mathematical method used to describe or reduce the logical operation of digital circuits and programs.

Broadband

An encoded signal transmitted onto the channel with various modulation methods, e.g., cable TV.

C, C++, C#

Higher level object oriented programming languages.

CAD/CAM

Computer-Aided Design / Computer-Aided Manufacturing application.

CCAI

Cisco Certified Academy Instructor.

CCNA

Cisco Certified Network Associate

CETsr

Senior Certified Electronics Technician

CIS

Computer Information Systems

CIT

Computer & Information Technology

Coaxial cable

Cable with an inner conductor surrounded by insulation and metallic shielding.

CompTIA

Computer Technology Industries Association

Computer Number Systems

Binary (Base 2), octal (Base 8), decimal (Base 10), and hexadecimal (Base 16). Ordinal (starting at 0), cardinal (starting at 1).

Computer Literacy

Familiarization with common computer operations, applications and peripherals.

Computer Systems Architecture

Interconnection of computer components.

Cryptologist

An individual who deciphers or creates complex encrypted codes and messages.

Database

Grouping and storage of data that can be manipulated, updated and extracted by software.

Digital

Information that is encoded into two discrete binary levels: a logic 1 or a logic 0.

e-commerce

Business transactions conducted electronically, most commonly via the Internet.

Ergonomics

The study of people adjusting to their working environment.

Ethernet

A baseband LAN system that is standardized by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers).

Fiber optics

The communications technology that utilizes the transmission of light over glass or plastic fiber cables.

GUI

Graphical User Interface, a generic name for any computer interface that substitutes graphics for characters.

HTML

Hyper Text Markup Language; a language used to code web pages.

Infrared

That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum having a wavelength ranging from 770 nanometers to 10⁶ nanometers and utilized in wireless communications.

Information Technology (IT)

The design, development, implementation, support, or management of computer-based information systems.

Intellectual Property

Legal term covering patents, registered designs, design right, copyright, confidential information and moral rights.

Internet

A public Wide Area Network (WAN) consisting of a collection of thousands of linked networks spanning the globe.

Internetworking Equipment

Electronic networking equipment such as bridges, switches, routers and hubs used to connect computers and networks.

Intranet

A corporate network infrastructure based on internet standards.

IS

Information systems.

Java

A high level programming language developed by SUN Microsystems.

Keyboarding

Formerly known as typing.

LAN

Local Area Network. A privately owned network of interconnecting data communicating devices that share resources within a local area.

MAN

Metropolitan Area Network. A network of interconnecting data communicating devices that share resources within a metropolitan area.

MCSE

Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer, networking certification awarded by Microsoft.

MCT

Microsoft Certified Trainer, Instructor and trainer certification awarded by Microsoft.

Microwave

The technology that utilizes electromagnetic waves above 890 MHz.

MOUS

Microsoft Office User Specialist, application certifications awarded by Microsoft.

Multimedia

Combinations of multiple forms of media used in the communication of information, e.g., audio, video, text, and graphics.

Network Operating Systems (NOS)

Computer program used to manage the operations of a computer network.

Network+

Network certification awarded by CompTIA.

PBX

Private Branch Exchange.

PC

Personal Computer.

PDAs

Personal Digital Assistant.

Peripheral devices

External devices connected to a computer, e.g., mouse, monitor, keyboard.

PERL

Practical Extraction and Report Language, a high level script language.

PLC

Programmable Logic Controller.

Protocols

A set of rules governing communication.

PSTN

Public Switched Telephone Network, the dial-up telephone network.

Spreadsheet

A computer program that simulates an accountant ledger paper of columns and rows.

SQL

Structured Query Language, a powerful database language used for creating, maintaining and viewing database data.

STP

Shielded Twisted-Pair wire, twisted pair cables with aluminum foil surrounding them serving as a shield to electromagnetic interference. Commonly used in Token Ring systems.

T&I

Testing and Integration, the development phase between research and development (R&D) and production.

Telecommunications

Communications via a conglomeration of information-sharing networks tied together.

Topologies

The logical and physical layout of a network.

Total Quality Management (TQM)

Is a management philosophy first identified by W. Edwards Demming based on the principles of listening skills, empowerment, teaming, excellent customer service, reward systems, training for all employees, control and statistical theory and assessment after implementation.

Transmission media

Transmission lines consisting of fiber, copper, microwave and infrared (IR).

UCCSN

University and Community College System of Nevada

UTP

Unshielded Twisted Pair, twisted pair cable commonly used in Ethernet systems and telephone systems (CAT5 and CAT6 cables).

VBA

Visual Basic for Applications, a high level object oriented programming language requiring an underlying application object.

Visual Basic

A high level object oriented language created by Microsoft.

VRML

Virtual Reality Modeling Language, a language for writing 3D HTML applications.

WAN

Wide Area Network, consisting of a collection of many linked networks spanning a large geographical area.

Web browser

A software program that interprets HTML and allows the user to interact with the Internet.

Web server

A powerful computer used to host web pages and their related text and graphical data and is accessed through the Internet or Intranet.

Wireless technology

Any technology that utilizes electromagnetic or infrared (IR) transmission of analog or digital intelligence.

Word processing

Keyboarding with spell check.

XML

Extensible Markup Language, a new language developed to allow the transfer of information between non-compatible systems using HTML type tags.